Work from Practical in summer semester 2024

Peter Bastianrequested to merge
PracticalsSS2024-SolvingLSEforSparseMatrices into master

This practical added support for iterative solvers and a sparse LU decomposition to hdnum.

Thanks to Thomas Gantz, David Leeb, Niko Brooks and Alwin Porten for their great work! It was really fun with them.

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